Summary
Background. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and impaired health-related quality of life (HRQL) is significantly higher among people with increased cardiometabolic risk. One of the most studied methods that may improve psycho-emotional state and HRQL in this population is physical exercise training, which can be performed independently or with a supervision of a healthcare specialist.
Objective. The objective of this article is to review scientific publications, which analyze changes in psycho- emotional state and HRQL in people with increased cardiometabolic risk after participating in supervised and unsupervised physical activity training programs.
Material and methods. We reviewed 33 scientific publications. Articles were selected from PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. In this review we used articles written in English, which were published in the last 10 years.
Results. According to reviewed scientific publications, physical exercise training, done independently or under supervision of medical staff, improves HRQL in people with increased cardiometabolic risk, although its effects on depression and anxiety tend to differ. Studies that analyzed the impact of supervised physical training on depression among type 2 diabetes patients show inconsistent results, whilst its effect on anxiety symptoms among people with metabolic syndrome is not fully investigated. The influence of unsupervised physical training on anxiety in obese patients with type 2 diabetes also requires more detailed research.
Conclusions. Both independently and under healthcare specialist supervision performed physical exercise training programs have positive effects on HRQL in people with increased cardiometabolic risk. However, changes in anxiety and depression levels after participating in differently supervised physical activity programs are not consistent among this population and a more detailed research is required.
