Summary
Backround. In the past low density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol were regarded as the most accurate in systemic cardiovascular risk assessment. Non high density lipoprotein cholesterol plays an important role in 2021 European cardiovascular disease prevention guidelines.
Objective. To review recent literature about non high density lipoprotein cholesterol and evaluate the application of this laboratory value in cardiovascular risk prevention, to highlight the benefits and disadvantages of this measurement and compare it to other conventional lipoprotein tests.
Methods. Literature review using PubMed database.
Results. Non high density lipoprotein cholesterol represents all the cholesterol in atherogenic lipoproteins (this includes low density, intermediate density, very low density lipoproteins as well as lipoprotein (a)). These lipoproteins are the main drivers of atherosclerosis. Non high density lipoprotein is more relevant than low density lipoprotein in primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention. It corresponds well to apolipoprotein B. Recommended values are < 2.2 mmol/l, < 2.6 mmol/l, < 3.4 mmol/l respectively in very high, high, and moderate risk. Non high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is easily calculated from non-fasted blood sample and requires no additional costs.
Conclusions: Non high density lipoprotein cholesterol is a more accurate and easier to use measurement than low density lipoprotein cholesterol or apolipoprotein B. It is applicable in cardiovascular disease prevention in both adults and children.
