Coherence of Patients Risk Factors with Candida Albicans and Candida Non-Albicans Candidemia

Introduction. More attention is drawn to Candida spp. blood infections and its frequency especially in the development of intervention treatment technologies and the increasfng number of immunosuppressive patients. Our aim was to de­termine the Candida species, clinical in­dicators, patient outcomes and to identify risk factors interfaces in C. albicans and C. non-albicans for patients with candidemia, who were treated in inten­sive care unit (ICU) and those who had not been treated in ICU.

Subjects and methods. The study contained analysis of 48 patients whose blood culture grew Candida fungi. Hospi­talization place, the duration of treat­ment, operations, artificial lung ventila­tion, central venous catheter, urinary catheter, drain, the presence of labora­tory blood test (leukocytes, neutrophils, C-reactive protein), fever during blood cul­ture sampling, Candida species and risk factors of candidemia were analyzed.

Results. Leukocytes and neutrophils counts were significantly higher in blood cell counts in those patients with candidemia who were treated in the ICU (p<0.05). C. parapsilosis was grown in blood culture significantly more fre­quently than other fungus for patients who have not been treated in the ICU com­pared with patients who were treated in the ICU (respectively, 23.5%, n=4 and 3.8%, n=1, p<0.05). Candida fungal coloni­zation in other body areas was found in al­most half of cases (47.92%, n=23). Positive C. albicans microbial culture in patients other body areas was more frequently for those who were treated in the ICU com­pared with patients untreated in the ICU (respectively, 63.3%, n=19 and 22.2%,
n=4, p<0.05). C. albicans for patients treated in the ICU usually was grown from the upper respiratory tract (26.3%, n=5) and less frequently of purulent wounds and urinary tract (both cases 21.1%, n=4). C. albicans for patients un­treated in the ICU was grown from the lower respiratory tract (50.3%, n=2), from purulent wounds and urinary tract only one of C. albicans strains (both cases 25%).

Conclusions. The evaluation of the results showed that the patients with candidemia and who were treated in ICU had higher inflammatory indicators. C. albicans was more frequent for pa­tients treated in ICU and C. parapsilosis was more frequent for patients untreated in ICU. Fungal colonization in the other body areas was found almost in a half of patients with positive Candida blood cul­ture. C. albicans was the most often fun­gus in the other body areas of patients treated in ICU compared to untreated ICU patients group.