ANALYSIS OF GENETIC AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTANCES USING Y CHROMOSOME STR MARKERS BETWEEN ETHNO-LINGUISTIC GROUPS OF LITHUANIA

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Laboratorinė medicina. 2013,
t. 15,
Nr. 1,
p. 3 -
8

Background. The aim of this work is to evaluate appropriateness of three Fst, Rst and Sst statistics used to cal­culate genetic distances between popu­lations for STR data. Moreover, to de­termine if there is statistically signifi­cant correlation of genetic and geo­graphic distances between six ethno- linguistic groups of Lithuania.

Material and methods. Partici­pants were 293 Lithuanian individuals rep re senting six eth no- lin guis tic groups of Lithuania. Haplotypes for all participants were determined using commercial Applied Biosystems AmpFlSTR® Yfiler™ kit. Arlequin 3.5 program was used to calculate Fst, Rst and Sst genetic distances. Spearman and Kendall correlation coefficients and assessment of statistical signifi­cance performed using Mann-Whit- ney-Wilcoxon test calculated by IBM SPSS Statistics 20 program.

Results. Statistically significant differences of Fst genetic distances were determined between eight out of 136 possible pairs of 17 cities. Calcula­tion of Rst and Sst genetic distances showed only 13 out of 136 pairs that dif­fer not statistically significantly. Ge­netic difference only between Southern Aukštaičiai and Northern Žemaičiai groups was not statistically significant (p=0.344). Genetic and geographic dis­tances differences statistically signifi­cant between Western Aukštaičių and Northern Žemaičių also between West­ern and Eastern Aukštaičių groups but do not correlate. Other ethno-linguistic group pairs showed statistically signifi­cant differences only for genetic or geo­graphic distances. Statistically signifi­cant correlation between genetic and geographic distances of all 15 possible pairs of six ethno-linguistic groups of Lithuania was not observed.

Conclusions. Rst and Sst statis­tics are more suitable than FST to cal- cu late ge netic dis tances be tween groups using STR data as more statisti­cally significant values are obtained. Relatively small geographic area of Lithuania, geographic distances be­tween groups and small sample size may have influenced results.

Keywords: genetic distance, geo­graphic distance, Y chromosome, STR markers, population of Lithuania

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