Summary
Background. The aim of this study is to describe a clinical case of a patient diagnosed with uterine fibroids and to review the latest scientific literature on the subject.
Materials and Methods. A comprehensive literature review was performed using the international PubMed database and the specialized Google Scholar search engine. In addition, a detailed analysis of a clinical case was conducted, focusing on its course, progression, and outcomes. Results. A 27-year-old woman presented with heavy menstrual bleeding and abdominal pain and was diagnosed with uterine fibroids. She initially refused surgery and was prescribed ulipristal acetate, but fibroid growth persisted, leading to iron deficiency anemia and necessitating surgical intervention. Transvaginal ultrasound revealed intramural myomas, the largest measuring 13.8 × 11.4 cm. A laparotomy and myomectomy were performed, successfully removing the fibroids while preserving the uterus. Histology showed myxoid tissue, edematous areas, hyalinosis, and no mitosis. The patient had an uneventful postoperative recovery.
Conclusions. Uterine fibroids are benign smooth muscle tumors of the uterus, with age and premenopausal status, especially in Black women, being key risk factors. Symptoms include abnormal bleeding, pelvic pain, and fertility issues. This case highlights the need for individualized treatment, the challenges of medical management, and complications like anemia. Treatment options include medical and surgical therapies, with surgery being essential for cases unresponsive to medical treatment.
